Biripali

Coulomb's Law : The electrostatic force of interaction between two static point electric charge is directly proportional to the product of the charge, inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and acts along the straight line joining the two charges. If two points charge q1 and q2 separately by a distance r. Let F be the electrostatic force between these two charge. According to Coulombs law.

I) In term of energy:-       Kinetic energy of a potential of mass m moving with velocity v is given by Where p is momentum of particles Therefore, We knowing that de- Broglie wavelength                  λ= h/p Therefore,   ........................(1) II) In term of temperature:-  From kinetic energy of gases, the average kinetic energy of a material particles at temperature T is given by Where k is Boltzmann constant. The value of k= 1.38 x 10^-23 J/k Putting this value in eq (1), we get Therefore, ...................(2)

Electric charge: Charge is the property associated with matter due to which it produces and experience electrical and magnetic effect.The excess or deficiency electrons in a body gives the concept of charge. Types of charge: 1. positive charge: It is deficiency of electrons as compared to protons. 2. Negative charge: It is excess of electrons as compared to proton. S.I. Unit of charge is Coulomb Dimensions: [A T] 1C = 3 x 10^9 stat coulomb,  1 absolute coulomb= 10C, 1 faraday = 96500C Specific property of charge: - Charge is a scalar quantity . - Charge is transferable. - charge is always associated with mass. - Charge is quantised. Q=ne - Charge is conserved. - Charge is invariant.

MATTER WAVE :-          In 1924 de-broglie proposed that matter also has a dual nature just like radiation. His hypothesis about the dual nature of matter was base on following observations.   I) The whole universe is composed of matter and electromagnetic radiation.   II) The nature loves symmetry . As the radiation has dual nature, matter should also possess dual nature.          According to de-broglie, a wave is associated with every moving material particles. These waves are called de-broglie waves or matter waves.     According to quantum theory, energy of a photon is given bye                   E= hv   Where h is Planck's constant and v is frequency of radiation. Relativistic energy of a particle is given by Sine rest mass of photon is zero i.e mo= 0 Then  E= pc            hv= pc  Momentum o...